Indonesia Maritime Irony

Opa Sari
Historical Science, Faculty of Humanities University Of Indonesia
Opasr15@gmail.com
Indonesia Maritime Irony: Illegal Fishing and Traditional Fishing
Indonesia is the state that a wealth of its abundant marine. Extensive sea waters of Indonesia is estimated at 3.166.080 km², long coastline 81.000 km, and ranges as much as 17.508 island potentially to produce the results of the sea in large quantities, namely fuel 6.26 million per ton.  Natural wealth is used to advance the welfare of live Indonesian society especially in the economic field. In the utilization of natural resources to get maximum results, needed a mover or quality of human resources, facilities and full support from the central government and regional. But reality in the field currently varies inversely. In Indonesia have many citizens work as fishers, but this not guarantee fishermen become safe. There are several factors that causes this happens especially program issued by the central government only related to general problems experienced by fishermen or the coastal communities.
Besides that, as part of global society and with the doors border land and sea relatively open, renders the region of Indonesia as the chain of cross country crimes, like narcotics, human trafficking, and terrorism. The ability of security officers in conducting guard, escort and patrol has not supported by the system of reporting crimes, including a system of national emergency and handling modern crime. As a result, many people report on crime cannot be responded quickly and precisely that led to a number of cases that could not be prevented. The writing is aimed to study and analysis the various factors behind the occurrence of violations in Indonesian waters especially concerning illegal fishing. Then the author tried to provide an illustration of how government efforts in enhancing the role of traditional fishermen Indonesia.
Illegal Fishing and The Role Of Government
Nusantara is a maritime nation that is not only considered in terms of possession of a broad sea. However, maritime nation can be defined as a nation capable of managing and maintaining areas with fleet lib strong sea. As the development of time and the entry of colonialism, happened changes in lifestyle from the community maritime to agraris who carries the impact of until today, especially for fishermen. Resource utilization the ocean are not because of the limitationof maximum fishermen make a nation of Indonesia should be faced with the fact that fisheries at sea Indonesia more taken by foreign. This clearly is a heavy challenge traditional fishermen Indonesia who have to face the advancement of catching fish by fishermen foreign.
Basic some of the problems that until now had been often experienced by traditional fishermen as for the purchase of spare parts, fishing equipment and place a serviceman machine location is very far. A system of lending money in the cooperative that does not walk with a good balance with the economic situation of fishermen. The house inhabited by fishermen currently often we used to see in the form of a wall from wicker bamboo. Then education has not accessible by children fishermen so that they have no skill other than fishing at sea. Problems are not escaped fuel experienced by fishermen who used it to the engine of the catch and refrigerant fish. The absence of additional income made the fishermen is difficult to survive as he was not at sea. Health is a matter of neglected so that the quality of life in a coastal area fishermen low. The lack of security in border areas as well as state and local the boundary catch fish with modern equipment so that a lot of illegal fishing. This is to be the main problems in the waters of Indonesia. The lack of military capabilities the navy made Indonesia is vulnerable to threats and security threats such as illegal fishing. Based on data from Indomiliter , Indonesia has only 317 patrol ships, 30 a ship LST and 5 of ship LPD, some even had not operated for old age. Then, the buyers utilizing illegal fishing privilege of fishing traditional which is rights for traditional fishermen the neighboring country to make arrests fish in the waters of certain islands based on bilateral agreement, making it difficult for processing its laws. According to FAO (food and agriculture organization), Indonesia loss due to illegal fishing reached Rp. 30 trillion per year.
Indonesia now is through the ministry of fisheries and maritime affairs trying to eradicate illegal fishing in order to realize welfare for fishermen and keep defense of Indonesian seas. The government issued for strategic policy PERMEN-KP to issue no.56 / PERMEN-KP/2014 related licensing a temporary cessation of fishing enterprises get in the NKRI. KKP also proposed to President of the Republic of Indonesia to publish INPRES of the acceleration of the eradication of IUU (illegal unreported and unregulated fishing).  In addition to focus fight against illegal fishing, the government implemented the program of fisheries and maritime affairs. With the purpose of improving competitiveness fishermen, build mental, as well as use and return the lost potential in maritime sector and maritime affairs in order to increase economic growth  with a strong basis and qualified.
In another solution can be develop in a welfare program for fishermen and coastal communities Indonesia. The program worked to increase economic growth fishermen. Indonesia can also use the system of community-based to prevent the act of stealing. This has long carried out by the developed countries like Japan by named “Gyougyo Kumiai” (Fishing Right). Japan make the community and fishermen as the front line to manage and maintaining the waters of Indonesia. If Indonesia wants to restore maritime glory of it takes time and full support especially from the government, and when the program has been successfully applied across the coast of Indonesia, Indonesia will have a fishermen who could actively keeping Indonesian waters especially of the problem of illegal fish theft by a foreign people.